French Bonsai Amateur
Hornbeam
Very hardy and stable species, ideal for learning. Hornbeam buds back easily and naturally reduces leaf size, making it perfect for fine ramification.
Exposure: outdoor
Level: beginner
Choosing the Right Bonsai Species
Some species are robust and forgiving, others more delicate. Native and hardy species are often the easiest to grow and a great way to start bonsai.
Native Species
These trees naturally grow in our regions. They adapt well to the local climate, tolerate cold, and respond very well to classic bonsai techniques.
Linden
Robust European tree with large leaves, perfect for learning branch structure. Vigorous growth in spring, tolerant of maintenance pruning.
Exposure: outdoor
Level: beginner / intermediate
Beech
Elegant species with smooth bark and beautiful autumn colors. Requires careful watering and gentle exposure.
Exposure: soft light
Level: intermediate
Hawthorn
Hardy tree appreciated for its flowers and small leaves. Excellent bark texture and very natural growth.
Exposure: sun
Level: intermediate
Cotoneaster
Ideal for beginners: very tough, small leaves, flowers and colorful berries. Reacts very well to regular pruning.
Exposure: sun or partial shade
Level: beginner
Pyracantha
Vigorous species known for its abundant decorative berries. Tolerates pruning well and quickly develops dense ramification.
Exposure: sun
Level: beginner / intermediate
Classic Deciduous
These deciduous trees are widely used in bonsai for their decorative foliage, beautiful autumn colors, and their ability to develop fine branching. They are perfect if you enjoy strong seasonal changes.
Elms
Elms are among the best “teacher trees” in bonsai. They grow strongly, bud back readily, and tolerate pruning extremely well. Ideal to learn vigor control and ramification building.
Exposure: outdoor
Level: beginner
Maples
Maples are loved for their delicate foliage, colors, and light silhouettes. They prefer bright but gentle exposure and reward careful cultivation with very refined branching.
Exposure: soft light
Level: intermediate
Azalea (Rhododendron indicum / Satsuki)
Azalea is highly appreciated for its spectacular flowering and vivid colors. It requires careful cultivation: acidic substrate, regular but well-managed watering, and protection from strong heat. When well grown, it produces fine branching and a unique character.
Exposure: soft light, avoid scorching sun
Level: intermediate
Conifers
Conifers are emblematic in bonsai. Evergreen, long-lived, and highly expressive, they require more patience and specific techniques, but reward careful work with very powerful trees.
Juniper
One of the most iconic bonsai species. Junipers are very hardy and tolerant of deadwood techniques such as jin and shari. They demand full sun and good airflow to remain healthy.
Exposure: full sun
Level: intermediate
Pines (Pinus)
Pines are the ultimate classic bonsai trees. They require precise techniques (needle control, decandling, balance of vigor), but offer unmatched longevity and character.
Exposure: full sun
Level: advanced
Larch
A deciduous conifer with fine needles and strong seasonal contrast. Larch grows quickly, responds well to pruning, and produces very expressive trunks.
Exposure: full sun
Level: intermediate
Mediterranean Species
These species love warmth, strong light, and very free-draining substrates. They are especially suitable for regions with hot summers, or for growers using a cold greenhouse.
Olive Tree
Very resistant, slow but steady growth, and beautiful bark with age. Olive trees are perfect for natural styles and carved deadwood.
Exposure: sun
Level: beginner / intermediate
Pomegranate
Highly decorative with red flowers and miniature fruits. Its vigorous growth helps build nice branch structures.
Exposure: direct sun
Level: beginner
Tropical / Indoor Species
Tropical species do not tolerate frost and are grown indoors or in a warm greenhouse. They require very bright light all year round and stable conditions. These trees are often recommended for beginners living in apartments.
Ficus (retusa / microcarpa)
Ficus is one of the easiest bonsai trees to grow indoors. Very tolerant of pruning, repotting, and wiring, it grows continuously under good light. It is ideal for learning basic bonsai techniques without seasonal stress.
Exposure: very bright indoor location
Level: beginner